Pipe lining apparatus



June 13, 1961 PIPE LINING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed May 7, 1959 3mm\ EQQNQ NM QN NQ\ D... W

1. a ll-II:

INVENTORS Warren E. Perk/ins H/fred Perm/7.5

mm nm NM Q wm Q Q June 13, 1961 w. E. PERKINS ETAL 2,988,042

PIPE LINING APPARATUS Filed May 7, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lza 65 /20 E 5me J /5 60 42 /03 /OZ 4 /06 /50 Y IN VEN TORS Warren E Ref/(ins BYf1/fld J. Perk/I75 United States Patent Ofifice 2,988,042 Patented June13, 19.61

2,988,042 PIPE LINING APPARATUS Warren E. Perkins, Grand Island, N.Y.,and Alfred J.

Perkins, Medulla, Fla., assign'ors to Perkins Pipe Linings, Inc., GrandIsland, N.Y.

Filed May 7, 1959, Ser. No. 811,583 13 Claims. ((11. 1187) Thisinvention relates to pipe lining apparatus and more particularly toimproved lining applicator machine travel propulsion means therein.

The invention applies to the class of pipe lining apparatus wherein anapplicator machine travels through a pipe line while applying a liningthereto by a sprayinglike action. Typically, the lining material appliedis cement mortar and the applicator means comprises a rotary distributorhead which throws or flings the mortar to the interior surface of thepipe by centrifugal force. In the use of machines of this kind, thethickness of the resulting lining is a function of the rate of deliveryof lining material to the distributor head and of the speed of travel ofthe machine through the pipe.

Particularly Where the pipe to be lined is of small diameter, the liningmaterial often is supplied to the traveling applicator machine through ahose line extending from that machine in advance thereof to a pump orother pressure source of the material located at a remote entrance tothe pipe, toward which the machine travels as it applies the lining.

Typically, the hose is propelled through the pipe by means of a cabledetachably secured thereto, which cable is drawn by a winch located atthe pump end of the hose line. The speed of cable draw must match thespeed of machine travel, and may determine that travel speed as insystems of the kind wherein the applicator machine is connected to thecable so that the cable propels not only the hose line but also themachine itself. In such cases, incorrect speed of draw on the cable willresult in a lining thickness which deviates from that which is desired.

In accordance with the present invention, a pipe lining apparatus isprovided wherein the winch device provides a steady speed of cable drawdespite the fact that as the cable builds up on the winch drum theeifective diameter of that drum increases. This increase is compensatedfor by a control system which measures the actual speed of cable draw,compares that speed to a standard, and adjusts the speed of the winchmotor to maintain the desired relation between the draw speed and thestandard.

A preferred kind of pipe lining applicator machine for use in the liningof small diameter pipe, is the type in which the lining material isconducted by a continuous conduit through the machine from the supplyhose to the distributor head, whereby the rate of application of liningmate-rial to the pipe being lined is determined by the rate at which thematerial is supplied through the hose.

As the machine travels toward the pump, the excess hose may accumulatein the pump area, or, preferably, sections of the hose adjacent to thepump may be cut out of the hose line, as by employment of the apparatusshown in US. Patent No. 2,786,486. In either case, the flow resistanceof the hose line is altered, tending to upset the balance between theflow rate through the hose and the travel speed of the machine desiredfor application of a lining of uniform thickness. Given a pump and hoseline of a particular pressure capacity, it is usually preferable torestore the flow rate-machine travel speed balance by adjusting thespeed of travel of the machine to match the changed flow rate throughthe hose line, thereby maximizing the average rate at which the liningis applied.

Accordingly, in the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the presentinvention, means. are provided which sense the flow rate of liningmaterial to the applicator machine distributor head, which means arethen given supervision over aforementioned standard, Whereby the winchmotor speed is adjusted not only to keep the draw cable speed at an evenrate, but further to vary that draw rate in accordance with the rate atwhich lining material is delivered to the distributor head.

Accordingly, a major object of the present invention is to provide animproved pipe lining apparatus of the kind having a traveling liningmaterial applicator machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pipe lining apparatus asaforesaid having a draw cable associated with the travel motion of themachine and improved means for controlling the speed of draw of thecable.

Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus as aforesaidhaving a winch for drawing the cable and improved means controlling thewinch for fixing the cable draw speed.

Still another object of the invention is to provide apparatus asaforesaid having means sensitive to the rate of application of liningmaterial by the applicator machine and arranged to supervise the speedof draw of said cable.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved pipe liningapparatus adapted to apply a lining of uniform thickness.

Yet another object of. the invention is to provide a pipe liningapparatus having improved control means whereby the speed of travel ofthe lining applicator part; is adjusted automatically in accordance withthe rate of application of lining material thereby.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved pipelining apparatus as aforesaid capable of efiicient operation in thelining of small diameter pipe in place in the ground, for example pipeof eight inch diameter and less.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide an improved pipelining apparatus having the foregoing attributes while being rugged andreliable in use under field conditions. I

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the foregoing, fromthe following detailed description, from the claims, and from thedrawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a partly diagrammatic plan view ofa pipe lining apparatusembodying the invention, in use;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the winch portion of the apparatus ofFIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a further enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken aboutalong line I'IIIII of FIG. 2

FIG. 4' is a fragmentary sectional view taken about along line IVIV ofFIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an end elevational view of the winch apgaratus of FIG. 2,taken about along line V-V of that gure;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged horizontal, fragmentary sectional view of the flowmetering structure in the outlet portion of the pump apparatus of FIG.1;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken about along lineVIIVII of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing control inter- ;eIlationships ofelements of the apparatus illustrated in Referring more particularly toFIG. I, the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the inventionillustrated therein includes a pipe lining applicator machine 10 of thecentrifugal distributor or flinger kind adapted to travel through a pipeline 12 in place in the ground while distributing lining material to theinner wall sur- 3 face thereof, a pressure source of the liningmaterial, such as the pump apparatus 14, a hose line 16 connecting thepump 14 to the applicator machine for supplying the liningmaterialthereto, and a winch device 18 having a draw cable 20 connected to themachine 10, as at a coupling 22 thereon, and also connected detachablyto the hose line at intervals therealong, as at the hose couplingindicated at 24, for propelling the machine 10 through the pipe 12 andfor advancing the supply hose 16, ahead of the machine.

As indicated by the dotted showing of its lining material feed conduitpart 26, the applicator machine 10 is of the kind having a continuousfeed conduit extending therethrough for conducting lining material fromthe hose .16 to the rotary distributor head 28 of the machine. Thus therate at which the lining material is delivered to the machine by thehose 16 is determinative of the rate at which it is applied to the pipe12 wall by the head 28. Also, for simplicity of illustration, themachine is shown to be of the segmented type, that is one which hasseparate applicator and motion control sections 29, 30, joined by aflexible coupling 32 in the feed conduit 26, the applicator sectionhousing a hollow centered motor 34 passing the feed conduit and arrangedfor powering the distributor head rotor, and the motion control sectionhousing a similarly hollow centered flywheel 36 coupled by suitablereversible transmission (not shown) to traction wheels 38, 38 on thecontrol section for storing energy in the fly wheel when the machinetravel speed tends to increase and for paying out energy from the flywheel to the traction wheels 38 when the machine travel tends to slow.It should be understood that the motion control section 30 in this kindof machine does not determine the long period average speed of travel ofthe machine; it merely smooths out the travel motion and prevents shortperiod oscillations therein such as would ordinarily, in the absence ofsome sort 4 Although the winch device is provided with automatic meanscompensating for variations in effective diameter of the drum 44 as thecable winds thereon, it is as aforesaid preferred that means be providedwhereby the cable is wound in an orderly manner, since this obviatespractical need for rapid reaction time in the control and thereforeminimizes and effectively eliminates hunting problems therein.Accordingly, the winch is provided with a level winder mechanism 56having an operator shaft 58 journaled on the skid 42, and driven by achain 60 from the drum 44 shaft in timed relation to the winch drum 44.The operator shaft 58 is grooved as shown with oppositely pitchedhelixes interconnected in endless manner at their ends, and a followeror pillow block 62 is provided which has a part engaged on the shaft 58to follow the endless groove therein, the block 62 being stabilized bysliding engagement on a fixed guide rod 64, and mounting a pair ofupstanding cable guide studs 66, 68, all in accordance with the generalarrangement found commonly in fishing reel level Winders. As shown inFIG. 2, the operation of the level winder is so timed as to result inthe deposit of full and even layers of cable on the drum 44 as the winchis operated to draw of motion smoothing means, occur due to the lengthof draw cable 20 employed (typically up to 1000 feet) and the weight ofthe similarly long hose line 16 attached thereto.

Conveniently, the pump 14 and winch 18 devices may be located aboveground adjacent an excavation or other suitable entrance to the pipeline 12, and roller or sheave means, indicated at 40, may be providedfor guiding the cable 20 and the hose =16 as they emerge from the pipeto the ground surface, the cable being detached manually or otherwisefrom the coupling 24 on the hose as such couplings pass this point.

It will be seen from the foregoing that in an apparatus of the kinddescribed, the speed of travel of the upplicator machine 10 iscontrolled by the speed of draw of the cable 20. In accordance with thepresent invention, means are provided for controlling accurately thisspeed of cable draw, despite the fact that as the cable builds up on thedrum of the winch, the effective diameter of that drum increases. In thepreferred illustrated embodiment of the invention, these means includelevel winding means for insuring that the cable winds onto the winchdrum in an orderly manner, measuring means for gauging the actual speedof cable draw, a standard, and means for comparing the output of themeasuring the machine 10 through the pipe 12; nevertheless, theeffective diameter of the drum 44 does increase with each succeedinglayer of cable thereon.

Accordingly, the apparatus of the invention includes means for measuringthe actual speed of cable draw. In the illustrated apparatus, this meanscomprises a pair of speed take-off wheels 70, 72 riding on the cable 20to be turned thereby. As shown, each of these wheels includes a stubaxle portion 74-74 by which it is journaled in a corresponding fork-arm76, 78. The two fork-arms are mounted hingedly on pivot studs 80, 82carried by a mounting plate 84, which also carries a forwardly extendingarm 86 having guide part 88 provided with an aperture 90 through whichthe cable 20 passes for being guided to the wheels 70, 72 in alignmenttherewith. A second guide, in the form of a roller 92 is provided forguiding the cable as it emerges from between the wheels, this guideroller being bearinged in an inverted pi shaped bracket 94 fixed on thearm 86 and acting also to space the roots of the arms 76, 78

therefrom, as shown. Preferably, the stub axles 74 are interconnected byintermeshing gears 95 on the same, for distributing the loads driven bythese axles, as referred to hereinafter, between the two cable speedtake-off wheels 5 70, 72. For biasing the two wheels 70, 72 intoengagement with the cable 20, each of the fork arms 76, 78 carries aclamp mounting bracket 96, 97, one of which anchors one end of a tensioncoil spring 98, the other end of which spring is adjustably and remov- 1ably anchored by a knob 99 threadedly engaged on a means with thestandard and operative to adjust the speed of operation of the winchdrum for maintaining a predetermined relationship between the measuringmeans output and the standard. These means are incorporate in the winchdevice =18, which will now be described in greater detail.

Referring now to FIG. 2 the winch device 18 may be provided forconvenient portability with a skid or base portion 42 upon which ismounted the cable winding drum 44 of the winch, and an electric motor 46which operates the same, as through a belt drive 48 from the motor to aspeed reducer 50 and a chain drive 52 from the latter to a conventionalworm drive 54 on the winch drum 44.

stud 100 connected to the spring and seated in a U- shaped notch in theother clamp bracket 97, as shown. The take off mechanism mounting plate84 is mounted on the level winder pillow block 62, preferably through arubber or other flexible coupling 101, so that the wheels 70, 72 notonly follow the level winder but also follow, by the action of theguides 90, 92 the angle of the cable 20 as it approaches the winch, forminimum strain on the mechanism.

In the preferred automatic operation of the apparatus, the cable speedas sensed by the take-01f wheels 70, 72 is compared to a standard source102 to provide an error signal. In the construction shown, the standardsignal is a rotary mechanical one provided by an electric motor 10-3 ofa synchronous or otherwise substantially predetermined speed type havingin its output an infinitely variable speed, positive mechanicaltransmission 104, which may be of any of the many known constructions,for providing a variable but accurately pre-setable speed at the outputshaft 106 of the stand ard. The output shaft 106 is connected, as by achain drive 108, to one of the input shafts 1110 of a differentialgearing 112, while the other input shaft 114 of the differential 112 isdriven through a flexible shaft 116 by one of the cable speed take-offWheels 72-, as through a connection .118 (FIG. 4) from the stub axle ofthat wheel to the flexible shaft. It will be seen, then, that there isprovided at the output shaft 120 of the differential 112 a rotary errorspeed proportional to the deviation of the speed of the take-off wheel72 from a predetermined relationship to the standard speed at the shaft106. Since their design is well within the knowledge of mechanicsskilled in the gearing art, the internal details of the differentialgearing 112, as well as the similar second diiferential gearing 174,referred to hereinafter, are omitted from the drawing, so as to avoidconfusingly excessisve detail therein. For example, the gearingsemployed may be of the type wherein the input shafts are connected todrive corresponding ring gears in normally opposite directions, and theoutput shaft may be arranged to be driven by a spider which carriespinions engaged between the two ring gears so that if the velocities ofthe ring gears. are equal and opposite, the spider remains. stationary,but if the speed of one ring gear exceeds that of the other, the spiderturns in the corresponding direction.

In the illustrated system, the winch drive motor 46 is of a directcurrent kind having a shunt field coil 122 (FIG. 8), and the speed ofthis. motor 46 is controlled by a rheostat 124 interposed in the circuitof that coil. As shown, the rheostat 124 is of the kind having rotatablyoperable control shaft 126, and a control sprocket on that shaft isconnected by a chain 128 to be driven by the error signal output shaft120. of the differential 112. Accordingly, the rheostat is adjustedauto-' matically one way or the other as the actual speed of the cable20 exceeds or falls short. of a predetermined relationship to that ofthe standard at the shaft 106, for varying the speed of the winchv motor46in acable speed corrective manner.

From the foregoing it'will: be apparent that, the cable 21 speed, andthus the speed? of travel of the. lining applicator machine It) ismaintained automatically. at a value which is a. function of the speedsignal output; of the standard 102. As aforesaid; thepreferred-illustrated kind of standard is variable by reason of theincorporation of the variable speed transmission 104 therein, thecontrol of the transmission being, in the illustrated structure, byrotary adjustment of a, speed setting shaft 130. Adjustment. of thiscontrol; 1:30: may; be and preferably isautomatic, through achain,drive- 132 thereto as will be set forth more fully hereinafter,

but the control 130 is also provided with a hand; Wheel 3134 by which itmay be adjusted manually when desired, with the chain drive 132-uncoupled and removed or the control otherwise freed from the same forthis purpose. Accordingly, precise control of the speed of travel of thelining applicator machine can be had, by simple manual adjustment of'thehand wheel 134.

While this hand wheel could be provided simply with a;

scale for enabling pre-setting of. the same for effecting a desiredmachine travel speed, it is preferred. that the attendant have directinformation. as. to the machine;

speed for insuring greatest accuracy and reliability of control thereof.

Accordingly, a tachometer 136, which may be; ofa form similar to thosecommonly employed as automobile speedometers, is provided, and takes itsinput from a part which has motion related to the machine 10 speed, asfrom one of the cable speed take-off wheels 71). The connection from thetake-01f Wheel 70 to the tachometer 136 may be through a second flexibleshaft 138, similarly to the first described, differential gear operatingflexible shaft 116. Preferably, the machine speed tachometer 136 islocated adjacent to the control hand wheel 134, asin the arrangementshown, so that the attendant can, while Watching this tachometer, adjustthe hand wheel until the desired speed of machine 10 travel is reached,whereupon that speed will be maintained automatically by the errorsignal controlled rheostat 124 as previously described.

A major consideration in determining the desired machine 10 travel speedis the rate at which lining material is fed to the distributor head 28of the applicator machine, since the thickness of the lining applied tothe pipe 12 wall is a direct function of this rate a;nd, an inversefunction of the speed of travel of the machine 10.

A number of factors may cause this rate of feed to the head 28 to vary,and in a uniform thickness of lining is to be applied, then the speed oftravel of the machine 10 should be adjusted in a compensating manner.For example, in the system illustrated in FIG. 1, the pump apparatus 14is shown to comprise a screw conveyor type pump having a barrel 1142housing a screw element (not shown) which is operated by an electricmotor 144, through a belt drive 146, and to which the lining material isfed from a supply of the same in a feed hopper 148 or the like. Thiskind of pump is common in the handling of viscous materials such as thecement mortar usually used as a pipe lining material, and, because ofthe back slip along the screw element, has a more or less constantpressure characteristic when driven at constant speed. In any case, thebursting strength of the hose line 16 is a limiting factor so that thepressure delivered by the pump has a practical maximum, for example fivehundred pounds per square inch. Since it is desirable that this pressurehe maintained at about its maximum value for enabling lining of the pipe12 at the maximum rate in feet per minute, it is the flow rate through.the hose which desirably is allowed to vary as resistance to such flowchanges.

More particularly, the system preferably includes a hose section remover150, such as one of the kind dis closed in U.S. Patent No. 2,786,486,for removing sections of the hose 16 as the machine 10 advances towardthereof are removed, and since the pressure deliveredby the pump 14 isdesirably substantially constant, the flow rate through the hose 16 andto the machine distributor head 28- increases, and it is desiredthat therate of travel of the machine 10 through the pipe 12 be increasedcorrespondingly.

As aforesaid, the operator can make adjustments in the travel rate ofthe machine 10 by manipulation of the hand wheel 134 on the winchcontrol. For enabling accurate employment of this control 134, flowmeter means are provided for gauging the actual flow rate of liningmaterial to the distributor head 28 on the machine 10. Referring toFIGS. 1 and 6, in the illustrated arrangement a screw element type meter152' is employed, the meter comprising a conduit section 154 at theoutlet end of the pump 14 having a screw conveyor-like element 155journaled therein so as to be turned by the flow from the pump. Aflexible shaft 156 is coupled to the screw element 155 as shown to beoperated rotatively thereby at a speed corresponding to the flow ratefrom the pump, which is the same, of course, as the flow rate throughthe entire continuous conduit system to the distributor head 28 on theapplicator machine. Referring to FIG. 7, the other end of the shaft 156is bean'nged in a meter box 158, mounted on the pump apparatus base asby a column 160, and drives a tachometer 162 mounted therein, as throughgears 164 shown semi-schematically in that figure. The tachometer may beof the type instrument used commonly for automobile speedometers andmay, of course, be calibrated in terms of flow rate of the liningmaterial.

Conveniently, this flow rate information may be made available adjacentto the hand wheel 134 on the winch.

device 18. For this purpose, the meter box 158 on the pump apparatus 14may house also a signal transmitter of a self-synchronous electricaltransmitter-repeater system, such as a Selsyn transmitter 166, coupledas shown to the flexible shaft 156 of the flow meter 152 to be operatedthereby, and the winch device 18 may include a corresponding Selsynreceiver or repeater 168 electrically connected to the transmitter 166to be operated thereby and drivingly coupled to a tachometer 170 on the.winch device. It will be understood that the tachometer 170 on the winchmay be structurally similar to the tachometer 162 on the pump, andrepeats the same fiow rate information at the more convenient location.Accordingly, intelligent manipulation of the control hand wheel 134 onthe winch is enabled and facilitated.

Preferably, however, means are provided whereby adjustment of the cablespeed standard control 104 is made automatically in response to thelining material flow rate. Accordingly, in the illustrated arrangement,the shaft 172 of the repeater Selsyn 168, in addition to driving thetachometer 170, serves as one input shaft of a differential gearing 174,the other input shaft 176 of which is driven, as by a chain 178, fromthe output shaft106 of the winch control standard 102. The differentialoutput of the gearing 174 is connected by the chain drive 132 to thecontrol shaft 130 of the standard, and therefore it will be seen that,with the chain 132 employed, the control 104 of the standard will beadjusted automatically by operation of the differential 17 4 to maintainthe speed of the standard output rotary signal at 106 in predeterminedrelation to the flow rate from the pump 14 as evidenced by the speed ofrotation of the shaft 172 of the receiver Selsyn receiver at the winch.

For protecting the control mechanism, an overload slip clutch 180 may beinterposed in the output shaft 106 of the standard, and an over-allcover (not shown) may be provided for the entire winch device 18,arranged, of course, to admit the cable 20 and to allow access to themeter 136, 170 dials and to the control handle 134.

- The over-all operation of control features of the pipe liningapparatus of the invention as hereinabove described may be summarizedand visualized with reference to the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 8.For clarity, this schematic shows all rotational connections as beltdrives, including the connection from the flow meter 152 to the seconddifferential 174, which has been described as being actually through theSelsyn transmitter and receiver 166, 168, the connection between theSelsyn receiver 168 and the -flow indicating tachometer 162, which isactually internal of the second difierential 174 but is shown in FIG. 8by a belt connection 182, and also the connections driven by the cablespeed take-off wheels 70, 72, which have been shown in the other figuresas actually being flexible cables 138 and 116, respectively.

Referring to that figure, the draw cable 20, which pulls, and thuscontrols the speed of, the lining applicator machine through the pipe,is wound onto the winch drum 44 by the power of the winch motor 46, ascommunicated to the drum by the transmission 48, 50, 52. The speed ofthe cable 20 is detected by the take-off wheel 72 and is communicatedthrough the connection 116 to one input 114 of the first differential112, wherein it is compared to the speed of the output shaft 106 of thestandard 102, this speed being communicated to the other input shaft 110of that differential by the chain 108. The cable speed error signal isthen taken from the differeutial output shaft 120 of the gear unit 112by a chain 128 which operates the control 126 of the winch speed controlrheostat 124, the rheostat being connected in the circuit by which thespeed control shunt field winding 122 of the winch motor 46 isenergized, the field current being supplied from any suitable source, asindicated by the terminals 184. Thus the cable 20 speed is maintained inpredetermined relation to the standard 102 speed, that is, the speed ofthe shaft 106.

For automatic control of the standard 102, the flow rate from the pump140 is detected by the flow meter 152 and this information is relayedfrom the transmitter 166 to the receiver 168 by which one input shaft172 of the second differential 174 is driven, the other input shaft 176of this gearing 174 being driven through a chain 178 from the outputshaft 106 of the cable speed control standard 102. Thus the speed of theoutput 106 of the standard is compared to the flow rate from the pump,and the error signal at the differential output shaft of the seconddifferential 174 is communicated to the control shaft of the standard102 for effecting adjustment thereof until the speed of the standardoutput shaft 106 reaches a predetermined relation to the flow rate fromthe pump 140. Accordingly, the speed of draw of the cable 20, and thusof travel of the applicator machine 10, is maintained at a valuedetermined by the rate of flow of lining material from the pump to thedistributor head 28 of the machine, for application by the machine of alining of predetermined, constant thickness.

It will be understood that the various predetermined ratios may be setby choice of drive ratios in and between the several parts. For example,the choice of lining thickness to be applied to pipe 12 of a givendiameter may be made by choice of relative sprocket sizes at theopposite ends of the standard-to-second differential input drive 17 8,and the speed of response of the control may be adjusted by choice ofsprocket sizes at the opposite ends of the rheostat drive chain 128.However, these and other specific means described above, and theirarrangement and positions in the system, may be varied substantiallywhile retaining some or all of the advantages of the invention. Forexample, while mechanical rotational signals are employed extensively,some or all of these could be replaced by electrical or hydraulicsignals and appropriate comparison means could be utilized in place ofthe mechanical differentials shown. Also less than the full system maysufiice in some instances; for example, as aforedescribed, the chaindrive 132 to the standard speed control 130 can be detached and the handwheel 134 employed manually in its stead, the cable speed and flow rateindicating tachometers 136, facilitating this as well as providingfacile means for checking operation when the full control is used.

Furthermore, were it not for the fact that the accuracy of the meter 152is affected by the work it must expend, the meter speed itself might beused at the input shaft 110 of the rheostat-driving dilferential 112 fordirect comparison to the draw speed of the cable 20. In the preferredconstruction shown, the second differential 174 and the standard 102 areinterposed to relieve the meter 152 of variable torque loading arisingat the rheostat 124, the provision of the adjustably fixed standard 102also being advantageous in that it provides a comparison signal at itsoutput shaft 106 for employment in the rheostatdriving differential 112when it is desired to employ the hand wheel 134 in lieu of automaticresponse to the flow meter.

Accordingly, while only one specific embodiment of apparatus of theinvention has been illustrated and described in detail, it will beunderstood that the invention is not limited thereto, but may beembodied otherwise, the spirit of the invention and the scope of theappended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote sourceof the lining material, and a hose line communicating from said sourceto said machine, a winch device having a cable winding drum and operatormeans for the same and a cable wound on the drum and extending to saidmachine to draw said machine through the pipe, take-off means engaged onthe cable and adapted to provide a cable speed signal in accordance withthe draw rate of said cable, standard means adapted to provide acomparison signal, and means connected to compare said speed signal withsaid comparison signal to provide a first diiference signal andoperative to adjust said operator means in accordance with said firstdiiference signal for bringing said speed signal into a predeterminedrelation to said comparison signal, flow meter means operative to detectthe flow rate of lining material through said hose line and adapted toprovide a flow rate signal corresponding thereto, and means connected tocompare said flow rate signal with said comparison signal to provide asecond dilference signal and operative to adjust said standard means inaccordance with said second difierence signal for bringing saidcomparison signal into a predetermined relation to said flow ratesignal.

2. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote sourceof the lining material, and a hose line communicating from said sourceto said machine, a winch device having a cable winding drum and operatormeans for the same and a cable wound on the drum and extending to saidma chine to draw said machine through the pipe, take-off means engagedon the cable and adapted to provide a cable speed signal in accordancewith the draw rate of said cable, standard means adapted to provide acomparison signal, and means connected to compare said speed signal withsaid comparison signal to provide a difference signal and operative toadjust said operator means in accordance with said diiference signal forbringing said speed signal into a predetermined relation to saidcomparison signal, flow meter means operative to detect and to displaythe flow rate of lining material through said hose line, and meansoperable to adjust said standard means, for enabling variation of saidcomparison signal in accordance with said flow rate. I

3. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote winchdevice having a cable winding drum and operator means for the same and acable wound on the drum and extending to said machine to draw saidmachine through the pipe, takeofl? means engaged on the cable andadapted to provide a cable speed signal in accordance with the draw rateof said cable, standard means adapted to provide a comparison signal,and means connected to compare said speed signal with said comparisonsignal to provide a difference signal and operative to adjust saidoperator means in accordance with said difference signal for bringingsaid speed signal into a predetermined relation to said comparisonsignal.

4. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote winchdevice having a cable winding drum and variable speed operator means forthe same and a cable wound on the drum and extending to said machine todraw said machine through the pipe, take-off means engaged on the cableand adapted to provide a signal in accordance with the speed of draw ofsaid cable, and means sensitive to said signal and operative to adjustthe speed of said operator means in accordance therewith forcompensating for the change in elfective diameter in said drum as saidcable winds thereon.

5. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote winchdevice having a cable winding drum and adjustable speed operator meansfor the same, a cable wound on said drum and extending to said machineto draw said machine through the pipe by the power of said winch device,takeoff means comprising a wheel engaged on said cable tobe turnedthereby and including means adapted to provide and display a cable speedsignal in accordance With the draw speed of said cable as detected bysaid wheel, and control means operably connected to said operator means,for enabling adjustment of the speed of said operator means inaccordance with said speed signal for accurate control of the speed oftravel of said machine.

6. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe While applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote Winchdevice having a cable winding drum and adjustable speed operator meansfor the same, a cable wound on the drum and extending to said machine todraw said machine through the pipe by the power of said winch device,level winder means operative automatically to guide said cable into evenlayers as it winds upon said drum, take-off means engaged on the cableand adapted to provide and display a cable speed signal in accordancewith the draw rate of said cable, and control means operably connectedto said operator means, for enabling adjustment ofthe speed of saidoperator means in accordance with said speed signal for accurate controlof the speed of travel of said machine as said layers of cable build upon said drum.

7. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe While applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote sourceof the lining material, and a hose line communicating from said sourceto said machine, a winch device having a cable winding drum and operatormeans for the same and a cable wound on the drum and extending to saidmachine to draw said machine through the pipe, take-01f means comprisinga wheel engaged on the cable to be turned thereby and adapted to providea first rotary signal having a speed corresponding to'the draw rate ofsaid cable, standard means adapted to provide a comparison speed rotarysignal, said operator means and said standard means each having arotatively operable speed control, and first diiferential gear meansconnected to compare said first signal with said comparison signal toprovide a first ditferential speed rotary output, said first outputbeing connected to said operator means speed control to actuate the samefor bringing said first signal into a predetermined relation to saidcomparison signal, flow meter means operative to detect the flow rate oflining material through said hose line and adapted to provide a flowrate rotary signal having a speed corresponding thereto, anddifferential gear means connected to compare said flow rate signal withsaid comparison signal to provide a second diiferential speed rotaryoutput, said second output being connected to said standard speedcontrol to actuate the same for bringing said comparison signal into apredetermined relation to said flow rate signal.

8. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote winchdevice having a cable winding drum and operator means for the same and acable wound on the drum and extending to said machine to draw saidmachine through the pipe, said operator means having a rotativelyoperable speed control, take-off means comprising a wheel engaged on thecable to be turned thereby and adapted to provide a first rotary signalhaving a speed corresponding to the draw rate of said cable, standardmeans adapted to provide a comparison speed rotary signal, anddifferential gear means connected to compare said first signal with saidcomparison signal to provide a differential speed rotary output, saidoutput being connected to said speed control of said operator means toactuate the same for bringing said first signal into a predeterminedrelation to said comparison signal.

9. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote sourceof the lining material, and a hose line communicating from said sourceto said machine, a winch device having a cable winding drum and operatormeans for the same and a cable wound on the drum and extending to saidmachine to draw said machine through the pipe, level winder meansoperative automatically to guide said cable into even layers as it windsupon said drum, take-01f means engaged on the cable and adapted toprovide a cable speed signal in accordance with the draw rate of saidcable, standard means adapted to provide a comparison signal, and meansconnected to compare said speed signal with said comparison signal toprovide a first difference signal and operative to adjust said operatormeans in accordance with said first diiference signal for bringing saidspeed signal into a predetermined relation to said comparison signal,flow meter means operative to detect the flow rate of lining materialthrough said hose line and adapted to provide a flow rate signalcorresponding thereto, and means connected to compare said fiow ratesignal with said comparison signal to provide a second difference signaland operative to adjust said standard means in accordance with saidsecond diiference signal for bringing said comparison signal into apredetermined relation to said flow rate signal.

10. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote winchdevice having a cable winding drum and operator means for the same and acable wound on the drum and extending to said machine to draw saidmachine through the pipe, level Winder means operative automatically toguide said cable into even layers as it winds upon said drum, takeoffmeans engaged on the cable and adapted to provide a cable speed signalin accordance with the draw rate of said cable, standard means adaptedto provide a comparison signal, and means connected to compare saidspeed signal with said comparison signal to provide a difference signaland operative to adjust said operator means in accordance with saiddifference signal for bringing said speed signal into a predeterminedrelation to said comparison signal.

11. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a winch devicehaving a cable winding drum and operator means for the same and a cablewound on the drum and extending to said machine to draw said machinethrough the pipe, said operator means having a speed adjustment, speeddetector means operable by said cable to provide a signal correspondingto the speed of travel of said cable, and speed control means responsiveto said signal and connected to control said operator means speedadjustment.

12. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn througha pipe while applying a lining-thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote sourceof the lining material, and a hose line communicating from said sourceto said machine, a winch device having a cable winding drum andadjustable speed operator means for the same and a cable wound on thedrum and extending to said machine to draw said machine through thepipe, speed detector means comprising a wheel engaged on the cable andincluding means adapted to provide an'output in accordance with the drawrate of said cable as detected by said wheel, flow meter means operativeto detect the flow rate of lining material to said distributor head andadapted to provide an output corresponding thereto, and means responsiveto said speed detector output and to said flow meter output andoperative to adjust said Winch operator means for maintaining the twooutputs in predetermined relationship, for correlating the speed oftravel of said machine with said flow rate. V

13. In a pipe lining apparatus having a pipe lining applicator machineadapted to be drawn through a pipe while applying a lining thereto bymeans of a centrifugal distributor head on the machine, a remote sourceof the lining material, and a hose line communicating from said sourceto said machine, a winch device having a cable winding drum and operatormeans for the same and a cable wound on the drum and extending to saidmachine to draw said machine through the pipe, said operator meanshaving a rotatively operable speed control, speed detector meansoperable by the moving system comprising said cable and said machine toprovide a first rotary output having a speed corresponding to the speedof travel of said system, flow meter means operative to detect the flowrate of lining material to said distributor head and adapted to providea second rotary output having a speed corresponding thereto, anddifferential'means connected to compare said first and second outputsand to provide a third rotary output having a speed corresponding to thespeed difference between said first and second outputs, said thirdoutput being connected to drive said speed control for bringing thespeed of travel of said machine into predetermined relationship to saidflow rate.

References Cited in the file of this patent

